منابع مشابه
Signal Analysis of Ney Performances
Ney is an end-blown flute which is mainly used for Makam music. Although from the beginning of 20 century a score representation based on extending the Western music is used, because of its rich articulation repertoire, actual Ney music can not be totally represented by written score. Ney is still taught and transmitted orally in Turkey. Because of that the performance has a distinct and import...
متن کاملScalable Modified Kneser-Ney Language Model Estimation
We present an efficient algorithm to estimate large modified Kneser-Ney models including interpolation. Streaming and sorting enables the algorithm to scale to much larger models by using a fixed amount of RAM and variable amount of disk. Using one machine with 140 GB RAM for 2.8 days, we built an unpruned model on 126 billion tokens. Machine translation experiments with this model show improve...
متن کاملJustin Marshall
Justin Marshall is Professor of Neurobiology and Marine Biology at the University of Queensland in Australia within The Queensland Brain Institute. He can be labelled a visual ecologist as he studies comparative eye design and how this is guided by the physics of light. He has co-written a book called “Visual Ecology”, co-edited a book called “Sensory Processing in Aquatic Environments”, is co-...
متن کاملPeter Marshall
This paper outlines and analyses the behaviours of small and medium enterprises with respect to the evaluation of electronic commerce investments, and the subsequent realisation of the anticipated benefits from those investments. The responses of executives who participated in the study suggested that on-going involvement in electronic commerce did not come cheaply. Nonetheless, our study sugge...
متن کاملKneser-Ney Smoothing on Expected Counts
Widely used in speech and language processing, Kneser-Ney (KN) smoothing has consistently been shown to be one of the best-performing smoothing methods. However, KN smoothing assumes integer counts, limiting its potential uses—for example, inside Expectation-Maximization. In this paper, we propose a generalization of KN smoothing that operates on fractional counts, or, more precisely, on distri...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Physics Today
سال: 1975
ISSN: 0031-9228,1945-0699
DOI: 10.1063/1.3068858